Firstly, it's important to note that the United States federal income tax system is a progressive tax system, meaning that individuals with higher incomes pay a higher percentage of their income in taxes. This is reflected in the tax brackets, which are adjusted annually for inflation.

For the tax year 2022, there are seven tax brackets, ranging from 10% to 37%. 

2022 Single Filer Tax Brackets

If taxable income is:	The tax due is:
Not over $10,275	10% of the taxable income
Over $10,275 but not over $41,775	$1,027.50 plus 12% of the excess over $10,275
Over $41,775 but not over $89,075	$4,807.50 plus 22% of the excess over $41,775
Over $89,075 but not over $170,050	$15,213.50 plus 24% of the excess over $89,075
Over $170,050 but not over $215,950	$34,647.50 plus 32% of the the excess over $170,050
Over $215,950 but not over $539,900	$49,335.50 plus 35% of the excess over $215,950
Over $539,900	$162,718 plus 37% of the excess over $539,900

 

For married couples filing jointly, the income ranges for each bracket are generally twice as high as those for single filers.

It's important to note that these income ranges are subject to change based on inflation and other economic factors, and the tax brackets for the 2023 tax year may be different.

In addition to the federal income tax, many states also have their own income tax systems, with varying tax rates and brackets. It's important to check the tax laws in your state to understand your complete tax obligation.

Finally, it's worth noting that there are many deductions and credits available to individuals to help reduce their tax liability, such as deductions for charitable contributions, mortgage interest, and student loan interest. Taxpayers may also be eligible for tax credits, such as the earned income tax credit and the child tax credit, which can directly reduce the amount of tax owed.